Santiago Hernández Ayllón
Sultepec, Estado de México
(1832)
Santiago Hernández Ayllón was a prominent Mexican caricaturist and portraitist of the 19th century, renowned for his sharp social and political criticism through his works. His legacy endures in the history of Mexican art, remembered as an artist who not only captured the essence of his time but also inspired future generations with his commitment to freedom and justice.
José Santiago Miguel Hernández Ayllón was born on July 25, 1832, in the town of Sultepec, State of Mexico. From a young age, he demonstrated a precocious talent for art and social critique. At the age of 13, he was already a cadet at the Military College during the seizure of the San Francisco convent in Mexico City.
Hernández excelled as an exceptional artilleryman and actively participated in the defense of Chapultepec Castle during the U.S. invasion in 1847. During the battle, he was taken prisoner alongside General Monterde and other cadets. After his release, he decided to devote himself to painting and drawing, becoming a talented portraitist and caricaturist.
His first solo exhibition took place at the Night Academy of Philosophy, where he also taught drawing classes. Among his most recognized works are the portraits of the Niños Héroes, which he drew from memory at the request of the Military College director. Over time, these portraits became symbols of Mexican resistance. He also illustrated significant books such as *"El libro rojo"* by Vicente Riva Palacio and *"Historia del ferrocarril mexicano."*
Santiago Hernández Ayllón passed away on July 8, 1908, in Mexico City, and his body was buried in the Civil Cemetery of Dolores. His death made front-page news in several of the capital's newspapers.